Times

There was in progress Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 9:11:27 +0000
2 With the beginning of the Lincoln administration Taylors friend, Salmon p Chase, be- came secretary of the treasury, and Taylor retained his appoint- ment as special agent until 1869. His activity during a con- siderable portion of this period was transferred to Washington. There was in progress at this time a considerable movement for the abrogation of the treaty which had been negotiated with Great Britain, June 5, 1854, commonly known as the reciprocity treaty.

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This report, together Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 8:58:24 +0000
Taylor was occupied largely in an investigation of the practical operation of this treaty. On May 2, 1860, he com- municated statistics and observations upon that subject to the treasury department. This report, together with that of Israel Hatch, was transmitted by the secretary of the treasury to article upon the Acclimating Principle of Plants in the Monthly Amer- ican Journal of Geology) ; Professor Maury and Pacific Railroads The Physical, Commercial, and Military Necessity of Two Railroads, One North and One South (extracts from a letter to Robertson of St Paul from Maury, superintendent of the Observatory at Washington, January 4, 1859, read at a special meeting of the St Paul Chamber of Commerce, January 22, 1859) ; British Columbia (from the correspondence of the London Times, dated Victoria, Vancouvers Island, December 9, 1859); Pacific Ocean Telegraph between North- ern Asia and America (from an article in the Atlantic Monthly, 5: 290-97 March, 1860, upon the Progress of the Electric Telegraph; also from the New York Herald, February 20, 1860).

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He asserted that not only Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 8:39:02 +0000
the House of Representatives on June 16, i860. 1 Hatch de- clared his conviction that all the benefits of the treaty inured to Canada, and that it was greatly injurious to the United States. He asserted that not only was the treaty unequal and unjust in its operations, containing no element of reciprocity, but that it had actually been violated by Canada.

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He believed that the treaty Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 8:25:52 +0000
Hatch did, however, endorse the principle of reciprocal free trade as a basis for the international relations of the United States and Canada. Taylor in his report, on the other hand, attempted to vindicate the treaty of 1854 by furnishing a statistical examina- tion into its operations. He believed that the treaty conferred reciprocal benefits on both countries, and that it had not been violate The general conclusion of Taylor may be put in his own words: The records of the country, particularly the reports of the Treasury Department, are, without exception, a complete vindication of the treaty of June 5, 1854.

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Taylors report of 1860 was Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 8:09:14 +0000
For the present I can safely aver that there is but one sentiment west of Buffalo on the line of the great lakes, and that is hostility to the abrogation of the reciprocity treaty. If any change is demanded it is in a different direction in favor of its terri- torial extension to the new province soon to be organized north- west of Minnesota and British Columbia, and of its enlarge- ment, as soon as practicable, so as to merit the designation of a zollverein or customs union. Taylors report of 1860 was preliminary to an elaborate study of Relations between the United States and Northivest British America, which was published by order of Congress in 1862.

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The reply of Secretary Chase Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 7:52:59 +0000
On May 20, 1862, the House of Representatives requested Sec- retary Chase to communicate information upon this subject, with particular reference to the central district of the Red River of the North and the Saskatchewan. Relations between Eng- land and the United States were straine The Civil War had come, with British sympathy on the side of the South ; and it was a grave period in American relations with British North America. The reply of Secretary Chase to the congressional resolution is a compendium of communications from Special Agent Taylor covering the period from July 10, 1861 to June 12, 1862.

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2 Included in his report Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 7:36:27 +0000
1 On July 10, 1861, Taylor wrote to the department (from St Paul) : Having reason to believe that what is known to the English and Canadian people as the Red River and Saskatchewan dis- tricts of British America will be speedily organized, with the powerful co-operation of the Hudson Bay Company, as a crown colony of England, and that active measures for its colonization in the interest of a continental confederation of the provinces, and a railroad from Lake Superior to the Pacific, north of our bound- ary, will promptly follow, I am solicitous to present to the Amer- ican government and people a full and satisfactory compilation of the natural resources, present civil and commercial organiza- tions, and future relations of the interesting region in question, with which circumstances have made me familiar. In this con- nexion, I shall urge that no unnecessary restrictions shall be imposed upon the intercourse, already very considerable in extent, between the States of the northwest and this rising dominion of England upon the waters of Lake Winnipeg. 2 Included in his report was a compendium of the revenue laws of Assiniboia, passed March 14, 1861 ; and some account of the operation of the Canadian reciprocity treaty, emphasizing the value and extent of the Canadian market for all forms of American industry, especially manufactures and agriculture.

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Unless the British Parliament acts Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 7:21:37 +0000
On December 17, 1861, he communicated a dispatch to the department in which he dealt with the dissatisfaction of the Assiniboians with British inadequacy. How serious this movement was, in Taylors opinion, is indicated by this state- ment: The Americanization of this important section of British America is rapidly progressing. Unless the British Parliament acts promptly for instance, during the session soon to transpire I shall confidently expect a popular movement looking to independence or annexation to the United States.

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To the advancement Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 7:03:15 +0000
1 The relations with England had darkened, and it seemed as though war might not be avoided, a prospect that led Taylor to declare to the department the competency of Minnesota to hold, occupy, and possess the Red River to Lake Winnipeg. 2 Yet in the same communication Taylor wrote: The tele- grams of this date surprise me in the midst of labors, the object of which was to demonstrate how much the United States and the British districts northwest of Minnesota are identified in geographical situation and material interests of all kinds. To the advancement of the latter I had not deemed annexation essential.

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The British Colonist (of Victoria) Post Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2008 6:47:22 +0000
By treaty stipulations and . concurrent legislation it seemed possible to work out the mutual destiny of the Amer- ican States and British provinces of the northweSt On June 12, 1862, he again wrote of the general dissatisfaction in the Red River settlement at the neglect of the home government, and indicated, writing of a customs union of British America and the United States, that the demand for reciprocity was continental. The British Colonist (of Victoria) declared on April 15, 1862: Any scheme of reciprocity ought to include the whole British territory of the Pacific even British Siberia.

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