Times

McDougall, traveling to assume Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 20:21:34 +0000
They know Canada only as a far-off country, which has never done anything for their benefit, and which proposes to make a purchase of the Hudsons Bay Com- panys possessions a pretext for inflicting upon them an authority having no sympathy with their wants or wishes. On the other hand, they know Americans as their neighbors and friends, as their co-workers and customers, with whom they are identified in all that relates to the future of the NorthweSt 1 The general outlines of the story of the rebellion are well known. McDougall, traveling to assume his governing duties, went by way of St Paul, and on the route from St Paul to Pembina was told of hostile actions by the Metis.

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On November 2 a body Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 20:08:58 +0000
At Pembina a half-breed gave the governor formal notice not to enter the territory. McDougall ignored this warning and continued on to the Hudsons Bay post, two miles from the American border. On November 2 a body of insurgents, armed and mounted, sur- rounded Fort Pembina, and ordered McDougall to recross the boundary.

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When Sir John Macdonald learned Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 19:55:44 +0000
Having no adequate means of resistance, he was forced to return. On the same day the insurgents took Fort Garry. When Sir John Macdonald learned of the situation on the Red River he determined not to accept from the Hudsons Bay Company the territory in its disturbed state, held back the payment of the money due to the company, notified the British authorities of what he proposed, and w r arned McDougall not to try to force his way into the country, nor to assume the functions of government prematurely.

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The warning was given too Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 19:35:51 +0000
Such an assumption, he said, would put an end to the authority of the Hudsons Bay Company. Then, if Mc- Dougall were not admitted, there would be no legal government, and anarchy must follow. The warning was given too late.

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Suffice it to say Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 19:23:46 +0000
The letter was written nearly a month after Riel 2 was in possession of Fort Garry and only a few days before Decem- ber 1, when M c Dougall supposed that the transfer would take effect. The story of the government set up by Louis Riel, the young leader of the insurrection, can not be detailed here. Suffice it to say that a provisional government was established, a popular convention was summoned, the authority of Governor McTav- ish broken down, and a formal declaration of independence of Canada was made.

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The campaign failed signally Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 19:13:31 +0000
On the first of December McDougall issued two proclamations, one giving notice of his assumption of the office of lieutenant-governor of the northwest territories, the other conferring upon his lieutenant, John Dennis, author- ity to raise, organize, arm, equip, and provision a sufficient force within the said Territories, and with the said force to attack, arrest, disarm, or disperse the insurgents. Extremely arbitrary powers were given him to enable him to carry out these instructions. The campaign failed signally, the Cana- dians in Winnipeg were captured, Dennis was forced to flee to Pembina, Louis Riel and his associates received almost com- plete support in their government, and, after lingering until the eighteenth of December, the would-be governor, McDou- gall, gave up and left for Canada.

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3 On December 8, 1869 Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 18:59:39 +0000
1 The American state department was watching the situation S with keen intereSt On December 30, 1869, a secret commis- sion, signed by Hamilton Fish, secretary of state, was issued to James Taylor, appointing him special agent of the state department for a period of six months, with instructions to investigate and report upon the following subjects : Taylor accepted the commission and made an investigation of the situation north of the boundary. As a part of his services in this connection he was at Ottawa during the dis- cussions which preceded the organization of the province of Manitoba in i87O, 2 and informed the state department fully of events connected therewith. 3 On December 8, 1869, the Sen- ate of the United States had passed a resolution requesting the president to communicate information to them relating to the presence of honorable William McDougall at Pembina, in Dakota Territory, and the opposition by the inhabitants of Sel- kirk settlement to his assumption of the office of governor of the Northwest Territory.

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In connection with Taylors services Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 18:49:16 +0000
On February 2, 1870, President Grant, in compliance with this resolution, submitted a message dealing with the matter, the main part of which was a comprehensive letter from James Taylor to the secretary of state, dated January 20, 1870, with a large number of inclosures consisting of documents relating to the insurrection. 4 All of these official actions are significant of the attitude of mind at Washington. In connection with Taylors services as agent there is arr interesting point brought out with reference to Louis Riel.

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I was at Ottawa Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 18:34:05 +0000
The delegates sent by Riel to Ottawa were treated as author- ized representatives of the people of the NorthweSt In the recently published Canada and Its Provinces, John Lewis-, writes : Richot and Scott the delegates afterwards claimed that an amnesty was promised to Riel, but this was denied by Macdonald and Cartier. The government took the ground that they had no power to grant an amnesty, or to deal with the crime at all, 1 because it had been committed in a territory which was not then part of Canada 2 In 1885, at the time of the second Riel Rebellion, Taylor wrote to the state department at Washington : I held a commission as Special Agent of the State Department to report upon all the circumstances connected with the Red River insurrection of 1869-70. I was at Ottawa during the discussions which preceded the organization of the Province of Manitoba.

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4 In September, 1870, James Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 18:14:35 +0000
There was present a delegation from Red River, appointed by a Convention of the people called with the concur- rence of all parties especially the English and Canadian govern- ments and both to them and to Archbishop Tache, a pledge of unqualified amnesty, distinctly including Louis Riel was given and communicated to the Provisional Government at Fort Garry. 3 Conditions in the Red River settlement were soon altere Donald Smith (afterwards Lord Strathcona) was sent out as one of three commissioners ; Scott was executed ; Bishop Tache, at the request of the Canadian government, agreed to act as peacemaker ; Colonel Wolseley, with a force of twelve hundred men, was sent out to restore order ; Riel fled over the frontier ; peace was restored, and the Canadian parliament of 1870 pro- vided for the government of the new province of Manitoba. 4 In September, 1870, James Taylor was appointed consul of the United States at Winnipeg.

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